HEAD LICE

Lice are small parasitic insects that typically infest the scalp and can also be found in the eyebrows or eyelashes. These pests lay their eggs, known as nits, throughout the hair, which resemble dandruff and can survive for over two weeks. Once hatched, lice can live on a human host for up to a month.

WHAT CAUSES HEAD LICE? Head lice spread primarily through direct physical contact between people. This condition, medically referred to as pediculosis capitis, is highly contagious but does not transmit or cause diseases. Despite being a common annoyance, head lice are not an indicator of poor hygiene.

WHO GETS HEAD LICE?

Head lice are most prevalent among young school-aged children, but anyone can contract lice, particularly in densely populated living conditions. Infection affects millions globally each year and is not a reflection of personal cleanliness.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF HEAD LICE?

The primary symptom of head lice is intense scalp itching. Visible signs may include the appearance of nits, which look like tiny flakes of dandruff. Live lice, though harder to detect, are best spotted near the scalp under strong light. Severe infestations may cause small red bumps on the scalp, neck, or shoulders, which can become scaly or ooze if scratched excessively.

HOW CAN HEAD LICE BE TREATED?

Treatment should begin immediately if nits are found, due to the rapid spread of lice. An over-the-counter 1% permethrin lotion or shampoo, commonly known as Nix, is typically recommended. Following the application instructions closely, a follow-up check for lice should be conducted after eight hours.

Removing all eggs is crucial; nits firmly attach to hair strands and are challenging to eliminate. Special nit combs with fine teeth, available in metal or plastic, are designed for this task. Applying olive oil or beeswax to the hair or comb before use can aid in nit removal.

It is essential to launder all bedding, towels, and clothing that have come into contact with the lice or the infected person in hot water with detergent.

If head lice persist after initial home treatments, consulting a doctor for prescription medications and further treatment options is advisable.